Category: Amakuru

Uyu munsi tariki 25 Kamena 2025 – i La Haye mu Buholandi, Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Donald J. Trump, hamwe na Perezida wa Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskiy, bahuriye ku ruhande rw’inama ya NATO ibera i La Haye, mu Buholandi.

Iyi nama, ibaye mu bihe bikomeye by’intambara hagati ya Ukraine na Russia, yahuriyemo abayobozi bakuru b’ibihugu binyamuryango bya NATO, baganira ku kibazo cy’umutekano w’u Burayi n’ahandi ku isi.

Nubwo ibiganiro byabo byabereye mu buryo bw’ibanga, amakuru yemeza ko bagarutse cyane ku ngingo zikurikira:

• Ubufasha bwa gisirikare: Ukraine ikomeje gusaba Amerika n’ibihugu bya NATO kongera ubufasha mu ntwaro no mu bikoresho byo kwirwanaho.
• Ibihano kuri Russia: Baganiye ku gukomeza cyangwa kongera ibihano ku Burusiya kugira ngo buhagarike ibikorwa by’intambara.
• Umutekano w’akarere: Perezida Trump yasubiyemo ko Amerika izakomeza gushyigikira umutekano w’akarere, ariko yongeraho ko “ibihugu bya NATO bigomba kwiyongera mu musanzu wo kwirwanaho.”

Trump, ugarutse ku ruhando mpuzamahanga cyane ko ari mu gihe cy’ubukangurambaga bwo kwiyamamariza kongera kuba Perezida wa Amerika, yavuze ko yemera ko Ukraine ifite uburenganzira bwo kwirwanaho, ariko anashimangira ko Amerika idashobora gukora ibirenze ubushobozi bwayo bw’ubukungu.

Ibi byongeye gukurura impaka mu muryango wa NATO, aho ibihugu bimwe byifuza ko Amerika ikomeza kuba ku isonga mu gufasha Ukraine.

Ku ruhande rwe, Perezida Zelenskiy yasabye ko inkunga y’ubufasha bwa gisirikare n’inkunga y’ubukungu byakwihutishwa, kugira ngo Ukraine ikomeze kwirinda ibitero bya Russia bikomeje kwiyongera mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu cye.

Yagize ati:

“Ukraine iracyari ku rugamba. Dukomeje guharanira ubusugire bwacu no kurengera abaturage bacu. Dukeneye inkunga yihuse kandi idashidikanywaho.”

Iyi nama hagati ya Trump na Zelenskiy ni igice kimwe mu biganiro bikomeye birimo kubera i La Haye, aho ibihugu bya NATO biri kugena icyerekezo cy’igihe kirekire ku mutekano wa Ukraine n’akarere kose k’u Burayi.

Amaso y’isi yose ahanzwe ku icyemezo cya nyuma cya NATO ku bijyanye n’uburyo izakomeza gufasha Ukraine, ndetse n’uburyo izitwara mu mubano wayo na Russia.

Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Donald J. Trump, yatangaje ko Amerika n’Iran bazahura “mu cyumweru gitaha”, mu gihe akomeje gushimangira ko ibitero biherutse byagabwe kuri Iran byangije ibikorwa byayo bya nikleyeri ku buryo bukomeye.

Trump yavuze ibi mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, aho yakomeje kugaragaza ko ibikorwa bya gisirikare byakozwe ku butaka bwa Iran byari ngombwa kubyangiza kandi byatanze umusaruro ukomeye.

Mu minsi yashize, Amerika hamwe na Israel bagabye ibitero bikomeye kuri sites za Iran, byibasiye ahanini ahakorerwa ibikorwa bya nikleyeri, birimo n’uruganda rwa Fordow, ruzwiho kuba rucungiwe umutekano ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Iran n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo nka Russia na China bamaganye ibyo bitero, bavuga ko ari ubushotoranyi bw’amahanga kandi ko bitazabuza Iran gukomeza gahunda yayo.

Mu magambo akakaye, Trump yagize ati:

“Ibitero twagabye byakozwe neza kandi byatanze umusaruro. Sites nyinshi za Iran zarasenyutse. Iki ni igikorwa cyari gikenewe kugira ngo Isi ibe ahantu hatarangwamo iterabwoba ry’intwaro za kirimbuzi.”

Trump ntiyasobanuye byinshi ku bijyanye n’iyo “nteraniro” cyangwa “inshuro bazahurira” na Iran mu cyumweru gitaha, ariko abasesenguzi bavuga ko bishobora gusobanura ikindi gikorwa cya gisirikare cyangwa ibiganiro ku rwego rw’ibanga.

Abandi bavuga ko ari uburyo bwa Trump bwo gukomeza gutera igitutu Iran no kugaragaza ko Amerika iri maso, cyane ko ari mu gihe cy’ubukangurambaga bwo kwiyamamariza kongera kuba Perezida mu matora yo muri 2026.

Ku ruhande rwa Iran, kugeza ubu nta tangazo rihamye ryasohotse rihamya cyangwa rihakana ibyatangajwe na Trump. Ariko ibinyamakuru bya Leta ya Iran bikomeje kwandika ko ibyangijwe ku bikorwa bya nikleyeri bidakanganye, ndetse ko Iran izakomeza kurengera ubusugire bwayo.

Ibi bitangazwa na Trump bikomeje kongera umwuka mubi mu karere k’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, aho abasesenguzi bavuga ko “impinduka zikomeye zishobora kuba ziri imbere.”

Nubwo Amerika ivuga ko ibikorwa byayo bigamije gukumira Iran kugera ku ntwaro za kirimbuzi, impungenge ni uko ibi bishobora gutuma Iran nayo yiyongerera ubushake bwo kwihorera, cyangwa ikihutisha gahunda yayo ya nikleyeri.

Moscow, ku Cyumweru – Mu gihe Isi ikomeje kureba uko ibintu bihinduka ku muvuduko udasanzwe hagati ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Iran, u Burusiya bwatangaje ku mugaragaro ko hari ibihugu “byiteguye guha Iran intwaro za kirimbuzi”, ibintu byakuruye impaka ndende ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Aya magambo yatangajwe na Dmitry Medvedev, visi perezida w’inama y’umutekano y’u Burusiya (Security Council), anazwi cyane nk’uwahoze ari Perezida w’igihugu. Ibi yabivuze nyuma y’ibitero bya Amerika byagabwe ku wa Gatandatu kuri sites za kirimbuzi za Iran, harimo uruganda rwa Fordow, ruzwiho kuba rucungiwe umutekano ukomeye.

Nk’uko Medvedev yabivuze, ibitero bya Amerika ni bwo bwa mbere byakoresheje igisasu cya GBU-57 “bunker-buster”, gikoreshwa mu kurimbura ibirindiro biri mu butaka bwimbitse. Icyo gisasu, gifite uburemere bwa toni 15, cyagabwe ku ruganda rwa Fordow n’ahandi hashinjwa gukorerwa ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’intwaro za kirimbuzi.

Nubwo Amerika yavuze ko yifuzaga “gusenya ibikorwa bihungabanya amahoro”, Medvedev yavuze ko ibyangiritse ari bike cyane, ndetse ko Iran igifite ubushobozi bwo gukomeza gahunda yayo ya kirimbuzi.

Ubutumwa bwa Medvedev: “Nta kizabuza Iran kubona intwaro za kirimbuzi”
Mu magambo akakaye, Medvedev yatangaje ati:

“Ibi bitero bya Amerika ntibizabuza Iran, inshuti yacu y’igihe kirekire, gukomeza inzira yihitiyemo. Kandi ndavuga mu buryo bweruye ko hari ibihugu byiteguye kuyifasha kubona intwaro za kirimbuzi.”

Nta gihugu na kimwe yigeze avuga izina, ariko ibitekerezo nk’ibi byamaganwe n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi bivuga ko byongera ubushyamirane kandi bishobora gutera intambara ndende y’akarere cyangwa isi yose.

Nka kimwe mu bihugu bikomeye bifitanye ubucuti n’u Burusiya na Iran, China nayo yasohoye itangazo rikomeye rishinja Amerika “gukoresha imbaraga z’igisirikare mu buryo butari bwo”, kandi “gusenya amahirwe y’ibiganiro by’amahoro.”

Itangazo ryasinywe na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya China rivuga ko:

“Gukoresha ibisasu binini ku bikorwa bya Iran bitari byemejwe ko ari intwaro, birashyira akarere mu kaga gakomeye. Amerika igomba guhagarika ibikorwa byo gushora abandi mu ntambara.”

Ese isi iragana he?
Kuba u Burusiya butangaje ko hari ibihugu byiteguye gufasha Iran kubona intwaro za kirimbuzi, ni ikintu gikomeye mu mateka ya dipolomasi y’isi. Benshi babifata nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko intambara ishingiye ku mbaraga za kirimbuzi ishobora gusatira, igihe ibihugu bikomeye bikomeje kutumva rumwe.

Umuyobozi w’ikirenga wa Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, yatangaje amazina y’abantu batatu bo mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’abihaye Imana (clerics) bashobora kuzamusimbura mu gihe yaba yishwe cyangwa aguye mu gitero, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru The New York Times, gisubiramo amakuru cyahawe n’abayobozi batatu bo muri Iran bazi neza imigambi y’igihe cy’intambara yihariye Khamenei yateganyije.

Aya makuru, atangajwe cyane ku bijyanye n’umutekano n’imiyoborere ya Iran, yerekana ko Khamenei asigaye aba mu buhungiro bwihariye bwo munsi y’ubutaka (bunker), aho abifashijwemo n’inzego z’umutekano zo hejuru yamaze gutegeka ko hafungwa burundu imiyoboro yose y’ikoranabuhanga iri hafi ye, mu rwego rwo kugabanya amahirwe y’uko aho aherereye hashobora kumenyekana n’abamurwanya.

Ibi bikorwa birerekana uburyo ubuyobozi bwa Iran buri gukaza umurego mu kwirinda ibishobora gutungurana, cyane cyane mu bihe bitarimo umutekano usesuye nk’uko bigaragara mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Khamenei, w’imyaka 85, asanzwe ari ku isonga ry’ubutegetsi bwa Iran kuva mu 1989, ndetse akunze kugirwa ibanga ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bwe n’imyanzuro ikomeye afata.

Nk’uko NYT ibitangaza, icyemezo cyo gutoranya abantu bashobora kumusimbura cyafashwe mu ibanga rikomeye, ariko kigamije gutegura neza ejo hazaza h’igihugu mu gihe cy’amage, harimo n’ibitero bishobora guturuka hanze cyangwa iby’intambara z’imbere mu gihugu.

Nubwo amazina y’abihaye Imana batatu batoranyijwe atatangajwe ku mugaragaro, inkuru ivuga ko Mojtaba Khamenei, umuhungu wa Ayatollah Khamenei, ndetse afitanye ubusabane bwa hafi n’inzego z’igisirikare cya Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC), ataza ku rutonde rw’abashobora gusimbura se. Uyu yari amaze igihe yibazwaho nk’umwe mu bashobora kuzamurwa ku rwego rw’ubuyobozi bw’ikirenga, ariko ntiyashyizwe ku rutonde, nk’uko abategetsi babitangaje.

Uwitwaga ko afite amahirwe menshi yo kuzaba umusimbura, Ibrahim Raisi, wahoze ari Perezida wa Iran w’uruhande rw’abarwanashyaka (conservateur), yitabye Imana mu mpanuka y’indege muri 2024, ibintu byafashwe nk’icyuho gikomeye mu bayobozi bashoboraga gufata inshingano z’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu.

Raisi, wakunze kurangwa n’imvugo ikomeye n’ubudahemuka kuri Khamenei, yari aherutse kuvugwa cyane mu bikorwa bya dipolomasi n’ubucuruzi hamwe n’ibihugu bikomeye by’Aziya, birimo Uburusiya n’u Bushinwa. Urupfu rwe rwagize ingaruka zikomeye ku rugamba rwa Iran rwo gutegura ihinduramatwara ry’ubuyobozi ridasize igihombo cy’icyuho cya politiki.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibi byemezo bigaragaza uburyo ubutegetsi bwa Iran bukomeje gutekereza ku muco wo kwigira no kwihagararaho mu buryo bwihariye, ariko nanone bigaragaza icyifuzo cyo gukumira impinduka zishobora gutungurana. Kuba umuyobozi w’igihugu atangiye gutegura abasimbura be mu ibanga kandi yikoma ikoranabuhanga ryo hanze, ni ikimenyetso cy’uko Iran ikomeje gutinya ibitero by’ubutasi ndetse n’intambara ishingiye ku makimbirane mpuzamahanga.

Ku wa Gatandatu, indege za gisirikare za Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zo mu bwoko bwa B-2 Spirit bombers zatangiriye urugendo zivuye ku birindiro bitandukanye muri Amerika, zijya ku birindiro byo mu gace ka Pacific, hafi y’Inyanja y’u Buhinde. Ibi bibaye mu gihe Perezida Donald Trump akomeje gutekereza ku buryo ashobora kugaba igitero kuri Iran, ibintu bikomeje gutera impaka no kwibazwaho ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Indege za B-2 Spirit zizwiho kuba ari zimwe mu ndege z’intambara za gisirikare za Amerika zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibisasu bikomeye, harimo n’ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi (nucléaires).

Zishobora gukora ingendo ndende ku buryo zitagombera guhagarara mu nzira, ndetse zikagenda mu buryo butagaragara ku binyabiziga bya radar. Kuba izo ndege zerekeje mu Nyanja y’u Buhinde ni igikorwa cyiswe “rotation isanzwe” n’inzego z’umutekano za Amerika, ariko bivuze byinshi mu rwego rw’impinduka z’ubutasi n’umutekano.

Nubwo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zivuga ko aya ari amahugurwa asanzwe ya gisirikare, abasesenguzi ba politiki mpuzamahanga bavuga ko ibi bikorwa bijyanye n’ibihe bikomeye by’umutekano biri hagati ya Iran n’umufatanyabikorwa ukomeye wa Amerika mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ari we Israel.

Muri iyi minsi, Iran yakomeje kurangwa n’imvugo zikaze ndetse n’ibikorwa bikanganye bijyanye no kwihimura ku byabaye muri Gaza no ku bafatanyabikorwa ba Israel mu karere. By’umwihariko, hari impungenge z’uko Iran ishobora gutera Israel cyangwa gutera ingabo za Amerika ziri mu karere, ibintu byatuma habaho igikorwa cy’intambara cyagutse.

Abayobozi ba gisirikare bo muri Amerika batangaza ko gukomeza kohereza indege za B-2 muri kariya gace bigamije gukumira igitero cyose gishobora guturuka ku barwanya Amerika, no kugaragaza ko Amerika ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirwanaho cyangwa gutabara inshuti zayo igihe cyose bikenewe. Ntibahwema kwemeza ko ari uburyo bwo gushyira igitutu kuri Iran no kuyibuza kugira ibikorwa biteje umutekano muke.

Ariko kandi, abaturage ndetse n’abahanga mu by’akarere, harimo n’abasesengura politike ya Iran, babona ko ibi bishobora gukurura indi mirwano. Bagaragaza impungenge z’uko ibikorwa nk’ibi bishobora guteza intambara y’akarere, cyane cyane mu gihe Iran itigeze ihishira ubushake bwayo bwo kwihorera cyangwa gutanga igisubizo gikomeye ku gitutu cyose yotswa.

Nubwo kugeza ubu nta gihamya ifatika cy’uko igitero cya Amerika kuri Iran kiri hafi kubaho, ibiri kubera mu kirere byerekana ko ibintu bidashobora gufatwa nk’ibisanzwe. Igihe cyose indege nk’izi zoherezwa hafi y’akarere kazwiho ubushyamirane, haba hari ubutumwa buhambaye buba butanzwe, byaba ari mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano cyangwa kwerekana ubushobozi.

Perezida Donald Trump, uzwiho gukoresha imbaraga mu buryo budateguwe cyangwa budasanzwe, yakomeje gutangaza ko Amerika “yiteguye gukora icyo ari cyo cyose” kugira ngo ihagarike ibikorwa bya Iran. Ibi bishobora gufatwa nk’ubutumwa bushobora kuganisha ku ntambara cyangwa se uburyo bwo guhatira Iran kuganira.