Category: Ubuzima

Nubwo u Rwanda rukomeje kwesa imihigo mu rugamba rwo kurwanya Virusi itera SIDA (VIH), imibare mishya yerekana ko icyorezo kirimo guhindura isura, aho ubwandu bushya bukomeje kwibasira cyane abantu bakuze n’abagore, cyane cyane mu mijyi n’uturere dufite ubucucike bw’abantu.

Mu 2025, 30% by’abafite VIH mu Rwanda, bari hejuru y’imyaka 50, nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima. Ibi byerekana ko icyorezo kitakiri ikibazo cy’urubyiruko gusa, ahubwo kimaze kugera no mu baturage bakuze, bikaba bisaba ingamba nshya zita ku buzima bwabo.

Mu mwaka wa 2024, abagore 5,516 basanzwemo ubwandu bushya, baruta abagabo 3,503. Nubwo 99% by’abagore banduye bafata imiti igabanya ubukana, iyi mibare yerekana ko abagore bagifite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura, cyane cyane abari mu mijyi n’abakora imirimo ibashyira mu byago byo kwandura.

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR),igaragaza ko hagati ya 2019 na 2024, abantu 54,287 basanzwemo VIH. Mu 2024 gusa, abantu 9,019 baranduye, aho Umujyi wa Kigali wihariye 2,883 naho Intara y’Iburasirazuba 2,439,hagakurikiraho Intara y’amajyepfo ifite abanduye 1,573, Uburengerazuba bufite 1,257, n’Amajyaruguru afite 867.

Abahanga mu by’ubuzima basobanura ko imiterere y’imijyi, kwimuka kw’abantu no guhurira hamwe kw’abaturage benshi bishobora gutuma ubwandu bushya bwiyongera, cyane cyane i Kigali.

Nubwo urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 15–24 rwagaragayeho ubwandu bushya ku kigero cya 11,234, abarengeje imyaka 25 ni bo bagize umubare munini (41,385). Ibi byerekana ko icyorezo gikomeje kwinjira mu byiciro by’abantu bakuru, bikaba bisaba ubukangurambaga bwihariye bubareba.
U Rwanda rwarengeje intego za UNAIDS zizwi nka 95–95–95, ruri ku gipimo cya 96–98–98.

Ibi bivuze ko,96.9% by’abanduye bazi ko bafite virusi itera SIDA, 98% bafata imiti igabanya ubukana, 98% bafite ubwandu butagaragara mu maraso.

Kuva mu 2015, igipimo cyo kwanduza umwana VIH mu gihe cyo kubyara,cyaragabanutse kigera munsi ya 2%, kubera ko hejuru ya 99% by’abagore batwite banduye bafata imiti igabanya ubukana.

Mu byiciro bifatwa nk’ibifite ibyago byinshi, ubwandu mu bagore bakora uburaya bwavuye kuri 51% mu 2010 bugera kuri 35.2% mu 2023, naho mu bagabo baryamana n’abandi bagabo buva kuri 6.9% mu 2021 bugera kuri 5.8% mu 2024.

Imibare igaragaza ko 3% by’abaturage bose mu Rwanda bafite VIH, naho mu cyiciro cy’abafite imyaka 15 na 49, ubwandu buri kuri 2.7%. Habarurwa abantu 234,593 bfite iyi virusi, naho abapfa buri mwaka bazize SIDA bagera ku 2,500.

Ishyirahamwe ryita ku barwayi ba diyabete mu Rwanda (Rwanda Diabetes association-RDA), ryatanze umuburo ku baturarwanda ko bagomba kwitwararika ku byo kurya no kunywa muri iki gihe cy’iminsi mikuru,kuko bishobora ku bongerera ibyago byo kurwara indwaraza zitandura zirimo na diyabete ndetse no kuzahazwa nazo ku basanzwe bazirwaye ariko bagize uburangare bakirara muri iki gihe abantu baba bishimira iminsi mikuru.

Muri iki gihe cy’iminsi mikuru isoza umwaka,haba hari ibirori bitandukanye ndetse n’abantu bishimira ko bakiri bazima,bagafata ibyo kurya byigajemo ibyongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitandura cyane cyane ibirimo amavuta menshi,ibinyobwa birimo isukari yo mu nganda byaba ibisembuye n’ibidasembuye. RDA,ikaba ivuga ko itabuza abantu kurya no kunywa ariko ikabasaba kwitwararika,nk’uko byagarutsweho na UWINGABIRE Etienne,uyobora iri shyirahamwe.

Ati “Ntabwo tubuza abantu kurya no kunywa ariko mbere yo kujya mu minsi mikuru banza umenye uko uhagaze,wowe uri ku miti ntuyisige uyifate nk’uko muganga yabikubwiye…turabwira abaturarwanda bose muri rusange ko bagomba gufata ibyo kurya no kunywa bitabateza ikibazo kandi bibuke no gukora siporo”.

Ubu butumwa RDA,yabutangiye mu kiganiro yagiranye n’itangazamakuru kuwa 31 Ukuboza 2025, ifatanyije n’ihuriro ry’imiryango irwanya indwara zitandura mu Rwanda NCD Alliance, ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cyita ku buzima RBC.

Prof. MUCUMBITSI Joseph,uyobora Rwanda NCD Alliance,yasabye abaturarwanda kumenya imibare y’ibipimo by’indwara zitandura kuko aribyo bigena uko bagomba kwitwara haba mu minsi mikuru na nyuma yayo.

Yagize ati “Twese ntan’umwe udafite ibyago byo gufatwa n’indwara zitandura bishobora no kukugaragaraho muri iyi minsi isoza umwaka utari usanzwe uzi ko ubifite. Niyo mpamvu dukunda kuvuga mu nyigisho zose dutanga tuti menya imibare yawe. Ese uko ungana kose hejuru y’imyaka 35, uzi ibipimo by’umuvuduko w’amaraso ufite! Niba utazi isukari yawe ni uko utigeze wipimisha,niba utazi ubunini bwawe n’uburyo bijyana n’uburebure,ihutire kwipimisha bizagufashe kumenya uko witwara mu minsi mikuru na nyuma yayo”.

Dr.Ntaganda Evariste, uyobora agashami gashinzwe indwara z’umutima,muri RBC,yavuze ko ari byiza ko abantu bishimira iminsi mikuru ariko ikabasiga bafite umubiri muzima na roho nzima.

Ati” Ugomba kuba ufite umubiri muzima na roho nzima bitangiritse kubera ko wafashe ibyo bintu bijyanye n’itabi cyangwa ibindi biyobyabwenjye n’inzoga muri rusange…turasaba abantu ngo bitwararike kubyo barya n’ibyo banywa iminsi mikuru ibabere iyo kwishima aho kubabera iy’amarira”.

Imibare itangwa n’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku buzima OMS,ivuga ko abantu 7 mu bantu 10 bapfa biturutse ku ndwara zitandura,kandi 73 by’abahitanwa n’indwara zitandura baturuka mu bihugu bikiri munzira y’amajyambere.

Ibyo kurya no kunywa byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitandura birimo ibiribwa byongewemo amavuta menshi,ibitunganyirizwa mu nganda,ibinyobwa bidasembuye bitunganyirizwa mu nganda,inzoga n’itabi ndetse,kutanywa amazi ahagije no kudakora imyitoza ngororamubiri n’ibdindi.

Hari urubyiruko rwo mu murenge wa Gisozi, mu karere ka Gasaba rwifuza ko hakongerwa ubukangurambaga kuri SIDA, kuko usanga bamwe muri bo batazi uburemere bw’iki cyorezo.

Buri mwaka, tariki 1 Ukuboza, Isi yizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya SIDA, unatangiza ubukangurambaga kuri iyi ndwara, bumara amezi atandatu.

Mu bukangurambaga bwabereye mu murenge wa Gisozi, mu karere ka Gasabo, urubyiruko rwagaragaje ko bwaziye igihe kuko babonye amakuru abafasha kwirinda kwandura virusi itera SIDA.

Iradukunda Claudette yagize ati “Batugiriye inama z’ukuntu twakwitwara. Ikintu cya mbere ni ukwirinda abadushuka, byatunanira kwifata tugakoresha agakingirizo.”

Hakizimfura Isaac we yagize ati “Amakuru twabonye agiye kudufasha kurushaho kwitwara neza, by’umwihariko muri ibi bihe by’ibiruhuko.”

Urubyiruko rwibukijwe ko Virusi itera SIDA igihari ndetse ko ubwandu bushya bw’iyi virusi bwiganje mu rubyiruko rufite imyaka 24 kumanura.

Bamwe mu rubyiruko basanga kuba ari bo bugarijwe n’ubwandu bushya bwa Virusi itera SIDA ari ubukangurambaga kuri iyi ndwara bwabaye bucye.

Hakizimfura Isaac yagize ati “Mbere badusangaga ahantu hose, mu bigo by’amashuri bakadusangayo, ariko ubu bisigaye biba gacye cyane.”

Ubu bukangurambaga bwo mu murenge wa Gisozi, bwakozwe ku bufatanye n’Umuryango utari uwa Leta, Réseau des Femmes, binyuze mu mushinga wabo w’ubuzima bw’imyororokere witwa SDSR-Rwanda.

Ni mushinga uyu muryango ushyira mu bikorwa mu mirenge yose 15 igize akarere ka Gasaba, ku bufatanye n’Umuryango w’Abanya-Canada witwa l’AMIE, ku nkunga ya Affaires Mondiales Canada.

Bazarama Marie Michele, Umukozi Ushinzwe imibereho myiza muri Réseau des Femmes avuga ko bazakomeza gufasha urubyiruko kubona amakuru kuri Virusi itera SIDA ndetse n’andi yose ajyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.

Yagize ati “Ubukangurambaga nk’ubu dusanzwe tubukora kandi tuzakomeza kubukora kugira ngo urubyiruko rubone amakuru yizewe.”

Michele yavuze ko uretse amakuru batangira mu bukangurambaga nk’ubu, hari n’umukangurambaga w’urungano muri buri murenge w’Akarere ka Gasabo, utanga amakuru y’ubuzima bw’imyororokere mu buryo buhoraho, ndetse  n’umurongo wa telephone 8011, abantu bahamagara ku buntu bagahabwa ayo makuru.

Isangano ry’Abagore baharanira Amajyambere y’Icyaro (Réseau des Femmes Oeuvrant pour le Développement Rural), ryavuze ko rikataje mu kumenyekanisha Itegeko rishya rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda, mu rwego rwo gufasha abangavu n’ingimbi kumenya uburenganzi bwabo bukubiye muri iri tegeko.

Uyu muryango wabigarutseho ku wa Gatatu, tariki 29 Ukwakira 2025, nyuma y’ubukangurambaga wakoreye mu murenge wa Ndera, mu karere ka Gasabo.

Imwe mu ngingo zigize itegeko rishya rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda,ryatowe muri Kanama 2025, ni iyemerera abangavu n’ingimbi bafite imyaka 15 kuzamura, kwifatira icyemezo kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi bitabasabye guherekezwa n’ababyeyi cyangwa abishingizi bemewe n’amategeko.

Umuryango Réseau des Femmes, ni umwe mu miryango itari iya Leta yakoze ubuvugizi kugira ngo iyi ngingo itorwe. BAZARAMA Marie Michèle,Ushinzwe Imibereho Myiza muri uyu murwango avuga ko bakataje mu kumenyekanisha iri tegeko.

Yagize ati “Turakataje, turakomeje kugira ngo n’urundi rubyiruko n’ababyeyi bamenye yuko kubona izi serivisi ari iby’ibanze. Tukanasaba ababyeyi kumva ko niba umwana wabo yaguye mu cyago atagomba kugendanirako, ahubwo akwiye gufashwa.”

Rumwe mu rubyiruko rwitabiriye ubu bukangurambaga ruvuga ko bwari bukenewe kuko bwabafashije kubona amakuru kuri serivisi bagenewe. IMANISHIMWE Cedric, yagize ati “Mu by’ukuri ibyo batwigishije twari tubikeneye nk’urubyiruko. Nubwo umwana w’imyaka 15 aba akiri mutoya,ariko ni byiza ko yigerera kwa muganga akimenyera amakuru, n’ukuntu agomba gutwara ubuzima bwe.”

Akamaro k’ubu bukangurambaga kanashimangirwa n’ababyeyi babwitabiriye. MUKAMPUNGA Euphrasie, yagize ati “Ibi biratujijura nk’ababyeyi kuko twaragerageje ngo turebe ko abana bakwitwara neza nko mu gihe cya cyera ariko byarananiranye.”

Yongeraho ko “Mu gihe rero byananiranye nta rindi tegeko ryakora uretse iri batubwiye umwana akabikora ku bushake bwe wenyine yijyanye. Ndumva byaba byiza.”

Ubu bukangurambaga bwakozwe n’umuryango Réseau des Femmes, buri muri gahunda z’ibikorwa by’umushinga wabo w’ubuzima bw’imyororokere witwa SDSR-Rwanda, bakorera mu mirenge yose 15 y’Akarere ka Gasabo, ku bufatanye n’umuryango w’Abanya Canada witwa l’AMIE.

Bwitabirwa n’urubyiruko runyuranye rwo mu murenge wa Ndera, abanyeshuri biga muri GS Ndera, abajyanama b’ubuzima, inshuti z’umuryango, n’abayobozi mu nzego zinyuranye mu murenge wa Ndera. Ni ubukangurambaga buzakomereza no mu yindi mirenge y’Akarere ka Gasabo ndetse bukazagezwa no bindi bice by’igihugu binyuze mu itangazamakuru.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima mu Rwanda (RBC), cyasabye abaturage mu byiciro byose kujya bisuzumisha hakiri kare indwara z’umutima kuko bizabafasha kumenya uko bahagaze abazisanzwemo bagatangira imiti hakiri kare.

Ni ibyagarutsweho kuri uyu wa 28 Nzeri 2025, ubwo mu karere ka Rubavu,hizihirizwaga umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya indwara z’umutima, (World Heart Day 2025), wizihijwe hanasozwa icyumweru cyahariwe ibikorwa by’ubukangurambaga bushishikariza abaturage kwirinda no kwisuzumisha hakiri kare indwara z’umutima.Iki cyumweru kikaba gisize mu bantu 1,169 bapimye mu karere ka Rubavu, 88 bangana na 7.5%. bafite izo ndwara,kandi bikaba binahangayikishije ku rwego rw’igihugu kuko ziri mu byiciro byose by’Abaturarwanda baba abato n’abakuze.

Dr. Ntaganda Evariste,uyobora agashami gashinzwe indwara z’umutima,muri RBC, yagize ati “Igituma n’igihugu kigira impungenge nuko izi ndwara zirimo kugenda zijya mu bantu batoya. Ubundi twavugaga wenda imyaka 70 kujyana hejuru nibo wasangaga bafite umuvuduko w’amaraso, ariko ubu ntabwo byagutangaza kubona nk’umuntu ufite imyaka 40 afite Diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso cyangwa afite indwara z’umutima.”

Yakomeje ati “Ubwo rero n’ikibazo gikomeye gituma abantu bagomba kwirinda kugirango bo kurwara izi ndwara,bisuzumishe n’abazirwaye bafate imiti hakiri kare”.

Ibyiza byo kwisuzumisha kare usanzwemo indwara z’umutima agatangira imiti ku gihe,bishimangirwa na Nyirahabimana Liberata ufite imyaka 40 y’amavuko, utuye mu murenge wa Rubavu, Akarere ka Rubavu,wamenye ko arwaye umuvuduko w’amaraso ariko ntiyiyiteho uko bikwiye ibyatumye anarwara indwara z’umutima ariko kuva igihe atangira gukurkiza inama za muganga anafata imiti ubu ubuzima bwe bukaba buhagaze neza nkuko yabyemejwe n’abaganga nyuma yo gusuzumwa.

Ati: “Natangiye gukora imyitozo ibiro biragabanyuka, ntangira kugabanya amavuta, isukari nyinshi, umunyu, ubwo umuvuduko utangira gushira ubu mpagaze neza nta kibazo mfite n’ubu mvuye kwisuzumisha ariko basanze nta kibazo rwose.”

RBC,muri raporo yayo ya 2022, igaragaza ko mu Rwanda, indwara z’umutima zikomeje kwiyongera, haba mu ice by’umujyi no mu cyaro,aho ziza ku isonga mu bitera impfu nyinshi kuko igaragaza ko zihariye 47.7% by’impfu zibera kwa muganga na 59.3% by’impfu zibera mu miryango.

Igaragaza kandi ko abangana na 16.8% by’abari hagati y’imyaka 18-69 y’amavuko barwaye umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso.

Abangavu,ingimbi n’urubyiruko barwaye diyabete y’ubwoko bwambere,nyuma yo guhurira mu ngando bahamya ko byabafashije kumenya uko bagomba kwiyitaho no kurwanya ubwigunge ndetse bakigarurira ikizere cyo kubaho nyuma yo guhabwa amakuru y’ukuri ku burwayi bwabo.

Ni ibyagarutsweho n’abo twasanze mu ngando bategurirwa n’Ishyirahamwe ryita ku barwayi ba Diyabete mu Rwanda [Rwanda Diabetes Association],ziri kubera mu karere ka Kayonza mu murenge wa Mukarange.

Umusore w’imyaka 25 wamenye ko arwaye diyabete y’ubwoko bwambere afite imyaka 7 yagize ati “Babanje kunjyana ahantu basenga,banjyana mu bavuzi gakondo kuko twakekaga ko ari ibintu baba barandoze…nyuma ngiye gupfa banjyanye kwa muganga basanga ni diyabete. Narihebye cyane numva ndiyanze ndetse n’abantu bakajya babwira mama ngo nzapfa ntacyo nzimarira…nanjye nkumva nakwipfira bikagira inzira.”

Yongeyeho ko “Izi ngando turimo ni ubuzima bukomeye cyane kuko umuntu waje hano aba yamaze kuba nk’umuganga neza kuko batwigishije uko tugomba kwiyitaho.Nahuye n’abandi hano harimo n’abana bato bituma twongera kwigirira icyizere kuko turaganira ukumva uraruhutse”.

Umukobwa w’imyaka 22 umaze imyaka 8 amenyeko arwaye diyabetse we ati “Bari bamaze umwaka bamvuza mu kinyarwanda byaranze, maze kwa muganga batubwirako ndwaye diyabete kuko nari maze kumenya ubwenjye nariyanze no ku ishuri nanga gusubirayo,nkumva mbese nta kizere….ariko ubu ndumva nishimye nungutse ubumenyi kuko najyaga nitera umuti uko niboneye ariko ubu nzajya mbanza nipime isukari”.

UWINGABIRE Étienne,Umuhuzabikorwa w’Ishyirahamwe ryita ku barwayi ba diyabete mu Rwanda,avuga ko mu Banyarwanda hari abagifite imyumvire ko diyabete ari iyabakuze gusa bityo umwana wayirwaye akaba yakwigunga ndetse hakaba n’abareka imiti bityo bakaba barahisemo guhuriza hamwe urubyiruko rurwaye diyabetse y’ubwoko bwambere bagasangira amakuru kuko babonaga ari cyo gisubizo.

Ati “Mu muco w’abanyarwanda ntabwo bumva ukuntu umwana ukiri mutoya yarwara diyabete iyo bigeze mu muryango rero ikintu cyambere kiboneka n’uko umuryango udapfa kubyakira ako kanya bigatuma bibatera n’ubwigunge. Ubwo bwingunge rero iyo bwaje nibwo usanga n’umuntu ashaka kureka imiti cyangwa se n’ishuri akarivamo”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Ariko tumaze kubona icyo kibazo Ishyirahamwe ryita ku barwayi ba Diyabete mu Rwanda, twararebye dusanga uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvana abantu mu bwigunge ari ukubahuriza hamwe n’abandi barwaye mu gihugu hose hanyuma tugakora ingando zigamije kubanza kubumvisha ko ntabyacitse kuko ubundi ikintu kibitera ntabwo abantu baba bazi amakuru. Iyo uyamenye umenya uburyo wiyitaho ukabonana n’abandi ukagira ikizere kuko uba wasanze atari wowe wenyine ahubwo hari n’abandi barwaye”.

Diyabetse y’ubwoko bwambere ni indwara idakira ariko uwayivuje neza kandi agakurikiza inama za muganga bimufasha kubaho kandi neza ndetse ntibimubuze no gukora ibikorwa byose by’iterambere.

Ishyirahamwe ryita ku barwayi ba Diyabete mu Rwanda [RDA],risanzwe rihuriza hamwe abana n’urubyiruko barwaye diyabete y’ubwoko bwambere bagakora ingando hirya no hino mu gihugu,kuri ubu bakaba bari kuzikorera mu karere ka Kayonza mu murenge wa Mukarange zikaba zizamara icyumweru uhereye tariki ya 02 Kanama 2025,zikaba zaritabiriwe n’abasaga 80.

Leta y’u Bushinwa iri gufata ingamba zikomeye nyuma y’uko abarenga 7,000 banduye virusi ya chikungunya, indwara iterwa n’imibu, mu ntara ya Guangdong, guhera muri Nyakanga 2025.

Umujyi wa Foshan, ni wo wahungabanyijwe cyane n’iyi ndwara, aho abarwayi bategetswe kuguma mu bitaro, ibitanda byabo bikazirikanwaho inzitiramibu, kandi bakemererwa gusohoka gusa nyuma y’icyumweru cyangwa ari uko bapimwe bagasangwa nta virusi bagifite.

Chikungunya ni virusi yandurira mu kurumwa n’umubu wanduye. Irangwa n’uburibwe bukabije bw’imitsi, umuriro, umutwe, impiswi, no kubyimba ingingo. Nubwo itica cyane, uburibwe bw’imitsi bushobora kumara amezi cyangwa imyaka, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite intege nke.

Ubusanzwe iyi virusi iboneka cyane muri Aziya y’Epfo n’Iburasirazuba ndetse no muri Afurika, ariko mu Bushinwa ni ubwa mbere igaragaye ku rugero rugaragara.

Nubwo benshi barwara bagakira mu cyumweru kimwe, hari bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso birambye. Abo barimo: Abana bavuka, Abasaza n’abakecuru, Abafite izindi ndwara nk’umutima cyangwa diyabete.

Kugeza ubu nta muti uvura chikungunya, ariko n’ubwo bimeze bityo, impfu ziterwa n’iyi ndwara ziracyari nke cyane.

Chikungunya ntiyandurira hagati y’abantu, ahubwo ikwirakwizwa n’umubu wanduye urumye umuntu ufite virusi, hanyuma ugasubira kuruma undi muntu. Ku wa Mbere w’iki cyumweru, umuhungu w’imyaka 12 wo muri Hong Kong yagaragaje ibimenyetso nyuma yo gutembera i Foshan.

Abayobozi batangaje ko 95% by’abarwayi bakize mu minsi 7, ariko iby’iyi ndwara biracyateye impungenge n’ubwoba mu baturage, cyane cyane kubera ko batazi byinshi kuri yo.

Umwe mubakoresha wa Weibo (urubuga nkoranyambaga rwo mu Bushinwa) yanditse ati:
“Biteye ubwoba! Niba uburibwe bushobora kumara imyaka, ibyo ni ibintu bikomeye.”

Leta y’u Bushinwa irimo gufata ingamba zikomeye, zirimo:

• Gushyira abaturage mu bitaro cyangwa kwigengesera nk’uko byakorwaga muri Covid-19
• Gukoresha indege nto zigenzura (drones) mu gushaka ahari amazi yaheranywe
• Gufungura amafi arya imibu mu biyaga (mu cyumweru gishize i Foshan hafunguwe amafi 5,000)
• Guhana abaturage batakuye amazi ahagaze mu ngo zabo (nk’aya mu mavaze, mu macupa asigaye n’ahandi), aho bashobora no gucibwa amande y’amafaranga 10,000 yuan (angana na $1,400)
• Gufungura “imibu ya rutura” izwiho kurya imibu mito itwara virusi

Mu minsi ishize, hari n’imijyi yari yatangiye gushyira abagenzi baturutse Foshan mu kato k’iminsi 14, nubwo iyo gahunda yaje gusubikwa.

Nubwo Leta iri gushyira mu bikorwa izi ngamba, abaturage bamwe barazikemanga, bavuga ko zikabije ugereranyije n’uburyo virusi yandura. Umwe yagize ati:

“Ni nde wigeze arumwa n’umurwayi? Mbese ni umurwayi uruma abantu?”

Abandi baragaruka ku nkuru za Covid-19, aho abaturage bashyirwaga mu makambi y’irondoka cyangwa amazu agafungwa atunguranye.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (WHO) rivuga ko inzira nziza yo kwirinda chikungunya ari ugukuraho amazi ahagaze, kuko ari ho imibu ibyarira.

Kuva iyi virusi yamenyekana bwa mbere mu 1952 muri Tanzania, imaze gutangazwa mu bihugu birenga 110.

Ni kenshi abantu bavuga ko “ukuri kwose gusohoka iyo umuntu yasinze.” Ibi si amagambo gusa ahubwo ni ibintu bimenyerewe mu buzima bwa buri munsi: umuntu aba asanzwe acecetse cyangwa ahisha ibitekerezo bye nyakuri, ariko akimara kunywa inzoga, atangira kuvuga ibintu asanzwe abitsemo cyangwa akavuga ukuri atari bwigere atinyuka kuvuga mu busanzwe. Ariko se, kuki ibi bibaho? Ni iki kiba kiri kubera mu mubiri no mu mitekerereze y’umuntu? Ese ni byo koko inzoga zituma umuntu avugisha ukuri, cyangwa ni uburyo bwo kwirekura gusa?

1. Uko inzoga zigira ingaruka ku bwonko
Inzoga zigira ingaruka kuri système nerveuse centrale (ubwonko n’imyakura). Iyo umuntu anyoye inzoga nyinshi, zimugiraho ingaruka ziganisha ku guta ubwenge buhagije bwo kugenzura ibitekerezo n’imyitwarire. Ibi ni byo bita disinhibition, aho umuntu atakaza ubushobozi bwo kwifata, gukomeza ibanga, cyangwa gutekereza ku ngaruka z’ibyo avuga cyangwa akora.

Ibi bituma umuntu avuga ibintu atari gutinyuka kuvuga igihe ari muzima, cyangwa akagaragaza amarangamutima yari yarahishe igihe kirekire.

2. Ukuri cyangwa amarangamutima akabije?
Abahanga mu mitekerereze bemeza ko inzoga zidahindura ibitekerezo umuntu afite, ahubwo zikuraho igitutu cyamubuza kubivuga. Iyo umuntu anyoye, ashobora gutinyuka kuvuga ukuri yari asanzwe ahisha kubera ubwoba bwo kubabaza abandi, gusebya, cyangwa kwitwaza ko ibintu “bidakwiye kuvugwa.”

Aha ni ho havuka ibitekerezo bikomeye bivugwa n’abasinze: ugasanga umuntu yavuze ukuri ku byo atekereza ku muryango, inshuti, cyangwa ibibazo bye by’imbere mu mutima. Hari abavuga amagambo akomeretsa, abandi bakavuga ibihishe bikababera igisubizo cyangwa gutabaruka.

3. Uko inzoga zirekurira amarangamutima
Inzoga zishobora gutuma amarangamutima akubita hejuru: ibyishimo bikabije, agahinda kenshi, cyangwa uburakari budasanzwe. Ibi byose bituma umuntu avuga ibintu atari asanzwe yatura. Aho gusiba ukuri, akabivuga byose atitaye ku ngaruka.

Iyo umuntu agize intimba cyangwa ikibazo gikomeye, ariko akabura uko agihingura, akenshi asanga inzoga ari yo nzira yonyine yo “kwirekura”. Aho ni ho usanga avuga byose mu buryo bw’umuhangayiko cyangwa amarira, ati: “nari ntakibasha kubyakira.”

4. Ibihe bimwe si ukuri, ni urwitwazo
Nubwo akenshi byitwa “ukuri”, si ibintu byose bivugwa n’uwasinze byakwizerwa 100%. Hari n’abakoresha inzoga nk’urwitwazo rwo kuvuga ibibi bari basanzwe batekereza ariko badashobora kubibazwa igihe barimo gusinda. Abo, baba bazi ibyo bavuga, ariko bakabikora bazi ko bazabyitwaza: “narasinze ntabwo nari nzi ibyo mvuga.”

Ibi bitandukanye n’ukuri gufite ishingiro, kuko hari ubwo inzoga zongerera umuntu ubwiyahuzi bwo kuvuga ibitababereye, aho kuba ukuri kwari kumuri mu mutima.

5. Icyo bisobanuye ku mibanire n’imibanire rusange
Ibi bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibanire y’abantu: hari aho kuvugisha ukuri k’umusinzi kwangiza urukundo, ubucuti, cyangwa akazi. Ariko hari n’aho bigaragariza abantu ikibazo cyari cyaribitswe cyakagombye gukemurwa. Iyo bivuzwe mu buryo bwiza, bishobora gufasha abantu kuganira ku byari bimaze igihe bihishe.

Icyitonderwa: Ukuri ntigukwiye gutegerezwa mu nzoga
Nubwo byumvikana ko umuntu ashobora kuvugisha ukuri iyo yanyweye inzoga, ntabwo ari byo byifuzwa. Ukuri kugomba kuvugwa igihe cyose n’ubushake bwo gusobanura no gukemura, aho gutegereza ko ubwonko businzira kugira ngo butavumbura ibanga. Kumenya kuvugisha ukuri mu gihe nyacyo ni ikimenyetso cy’ubushobozi bwo kwiyubaka no kubana neza n’abandi.

Nubwo abantu benshi bavuga ko ari bwo bavugisha ukuri iyo basinze, igisubizo nyacyo ni uko inzoga zishobora gusenya ubushobozi bwo kwifata, bigatuma ibiri mu mutima bisohoka. Ariko si ibintu byose bivugwa muri icyo gihe bikwiye gufatwa nk’ukuri ku buryo butaziguye. Kurera umuco wo kuvugisha ukuri mu buzima busanzwe, ni yo nzira nziza yo kubaka imibanire irambye.