Category: Ubukungu

Ibigo nk’ibi bikora ubucuruzi bw’amafaranga bikambura amafaranga abaturage bikomeje kuba byinshi, ndetse mu mwaka ushize, icyitwa Super Free to Trade Ltd (STT) cyakenesheje benshi nyuma y’uko bari barakigannye bizezwa ubukire bwihuse.

Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe Imyitwarire y’Ibigo by’Imari muri Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, BNR, Nsabimana Gerard, yatangaje ko ibi bigo biza mu Rwanda bikambura abaturage byitwaje ubucuruzi bw’amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga buzwi nka cryptocurrency.

Yatanze ingero kuri bine BNR iherutse kubona amakuru y’uko bikora, asaba abaturage guhagarika kubishyiramo amafaranga kuko ari ubwambuzi.

Ati “ Hari ibyo tumaze iminsi tubona bigera muri bine, hari icyitwa Die Equipment, cyiyitirira ikigo cyo muri Amerika kikavuga ko gitanga imashini z’ubuhinzi ariko mu by’ukuri ni icyo kwambura abaturage. Ntabwo gikorana n’icyo kigo cyo muri Amerika.”

“Hari icyitwa Pi network gikora ubucuruzi bwo kuri internet (cryptocurrency), ntabwo cyemewe. Hari icyitwa Dynace, gisa nk’aho gitanga imiti, hari icyitwa FlexFunds, ibyo byose mu by’ukuri ni ibiza kwambura abaturage.”

Yavuze ko ibyo bigo byose nta mategeko ahari abigenga mu Rwanda, bityo ubijyamo aba agomba kwirengera igihombo.

Ati “Abenshi babihombeyemo. Hari icyitwa Billionnaire Traders ngira ngo mwarakibonye, abaturage bavuga ko bahombeyemo miliyari 10 Frw.”

BNR igaragaza ko ubu bucuruzi bw’imitungo mvunjwafaranga idafatika (crypoassets) burimo ingorane nyinshi zirimo kutarengerwa n’amategeko, ubujura n’ingorane zo guhomba, guhindagurika gukabije kw’ibiciro no kudakorera mu mucyo.

BNR igaragaza ko mu gihe hatari hashyirwaho amategeko agenga ubu bucuruzi, nta mategeko arengera umushoramari cyangwa umuguzi w’imitungo igurishwa muri ubu buryo.

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Ni imibare yatangajwe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, yerekana uruhare Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga bakomeje kugira mu bikorwa bigamije iterambere ry’igihugu.

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, Soraya Hakuziyaremye, yagize ati “Akomeje kwiyongera ku gipimo gishimishije. Ni miliyoni 502$ mu mwaka ushize. N’amafaranga y’abashoramari baturutse mu bindi bihugu na byo byiyongereye ku kigero gishimishije, miliyoni 573$ mu 2024 ugereranyije na 458$ twari dufite mu 2023.”

Mu 2020, ayo mafaranga yari yageze kuri miliyoni 274$, mu 2021 agera kuri miliyoni 379$ mu gihe mu 2022 yageze kuri miliyoni 461$. Mu 2023 yari yageze kuri miliyoni 505$.

Guverinoma yasanze amafaranga yari yemejwe mbere agomba kwiyongera kugira ngo ibikorwa byateganyijwe byose bizashobore kugerwaho.

Biteganyije ko ayo mafaranga yiyongereyeho azasaranganywa ibigo bitandukanye mu rwego rwo kuziba ibyuho bimwe na bimwe byagaragajwe mu ngengo y’imari isanzwe n’ingengo y’imari y’iterambere.

Hashingiwe kuri izo mpinduka hazabaho inyongera ya miliyari 44.9 Frw yagenewe ibigo bitandukanye mu rwego rwo kuziba icyuho ku musanzu w’ubwiteganyirize bw’abakozi.

Inyongera ya miliyari 10 Frw yagenewe kwishyura nkunganire ya Leta ku ifumbire mvaruganda n’imbuto z’indobanure na miliyari 5 Frw yagenewe ibikorwa bitandukanye bya siporo.

Hari kandi miliyari 3 Frw zagenewe Urwego rw’u Rwanda rushinzwe igorora, RCS, mu kuziba icyuho ku biribwa, miliyari 1,1 Frw yagenewe Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Igororamuco (NRS) yo gutunga abana bari mu bigo ngororamuco, miliyari 3,5 Frw yagenewe kwishyura umusoro ku muhanda wa Base-Butaro-Kidaho ureshya na kilometero 63 ndetse na miliyari 5,8 Frw yagenewe imisanzu.

Kugeza ubu ingengo y’imari ya 2024/2025 yashyizwe mu bikorwa ku rugero rwa 65%.

Inkunga z’amahanga n’imisoro bizagabanyuka

Itegeko rihindura itegeko rigena ingengo y’Imari ya Leta ya 2024/2025, rigaragaza ko inkunga z’amahanga n’imisoro yari itagenyijwe kwinjira bizagabanyuka kubera impamvu zitandukanye nubwo inguzanyo zo ziziyongera.

Amafaranga akomoka ku misoro yari ateganyijwe kwinjira mu ngengo y’imari azagera kuri miliyari 2,950.4 Frw avuye kuri Miliyari 2,970.4 Frw bivuze ko hazagabanyukaho miliyari 20 Frw.

Iryo gabanyuka riterwa no kugabanyuka kw’imisoro itaziguye yimukanwe mu mwaka w’Ingengo y’Imari wa 2023/2024 bijyana n’igabanyuka ry’amafaranga akusanwa aturutse ku musoro w’umuntu ku giti cye (Pay as you earn), aho Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yafashe icyemezo cyo gusonera umusoro ku musaruro abahembwa amafaranga ari munsi y’ibihumbi 60 bivuye ku bihumbi 30.

Biteganyijwe ariko ko andi mafaranga atari imisoro aziyongeraho miliyari 48,4 Frw kuko azava kuri miliyari 444 Frw akagera kuri miliyari 492,4 Frw.

Ubwo bwiyongere bushingiye ku mafaranga yaturutse mu kwegurira imishinga yahoze ari iya Leta abikorera hamwe no kugabanyuka kw’amafaranga Leta itanga mu mahanga mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro aho azagabanukaho Miliyari 3.6 Frw.

Ku kijyanye n’impano z’amahanga biteganyijwe ko zizagabanyuka zive kuri Miliyari 725.3 Frw zigere kuri Miliyari 621.2 Frw.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kandi iteganya ko inguzanyo z’amahanga ziziyongeraho miliyari 184,3%.

Ibyo bizashingira ku kwiyongera kw’inguzanyo zinyuzwa mu isanduku ya Leta n’izinyuzwa mu mishinga y’iterambere ziziyongeraho agera kuri Miliyari 121.1 Frw by’umwihariko izitangwa na Banki y’Isi.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko inguzanyo z’imbere mu Gihugu na zo biteganyijwe ko zizagabanyukaho agera kuri Miliyari 38 Frw.

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Yabigarutseho ku wa 28 Werurwe 2025, mu kiganiro yagejeje ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko imitwe yombi ku bikorwa bya Guverinoma bijyanye no kongera umusaruro w’inganda n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, hagamijwe iterambere rirambye ry’ubukungu.

Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Ngirente yavuze ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yifuza ko inganda zose ziri mu gihugu zikoresha ubushobozi bwazo bwose kuko inyinshi ubu zikoresha ubushobozi buke cyane.

Yavuze ko hari ikigega kigiye gushyirwaho kizashyirwamo miliyari 500 Frw azashyigikira abikorera hagamijwe guteza imbere ibikomoka mu nganda byoherezwa hanze ndetse no guteza imbere ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Ati “Inganda zikora sima zizafashwa kubona clinker, ni iby’ibanze bikoreshwa mu gukora sima ubundi twari dusanzwe tubikura hanze. U Rwanda rero rwamaze gukora ubushakashatsi tubona ko iyo clinker dushobora kuyikorera mu Rwanda mu majyaruguru aho twabonye ishobora kuva igafasha izo nganda zacu zikora sima bikaba bizakorerwa mu Karere ka Musanze.”

Dr. Ngirente yavuze ko bizafasha kuzigama arenga miliyoni 4,5$ asohoka buri kwezi yo kugura ‘clinker’ mu bihugu by’ibituranyi.

Yavuze ko mu bijyanye no gutunganya ibyuma hazafashwa inganda zisanzwe zikora ibyuma hamwe n’ururi kubakwa i Musanze, ruzafasha izisanzwe kubona ibikoresho by’ibanze zikeneye.

Ati “Uru ruganda ruzaba rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibyuma bingana na toni ibihumbi 300 ku mwaka. Uru ruganda ruzagira akamaro gakomeye mu guhaza isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, gutunganya ibikoresho by’ibanze byifashishwa n’izindi nganda kuko inganda z’ibyuma zatumizaga ibikoresho by’ibanze hanze, uru tugiye gutangiza rw’i Musanze ruzajya ruzajya rubikora ruhe n’izindi nganda zibikoreshe zitagombye gutumiza hanze.”

Yavuze ko uyu mushinga uzatanga imirimo ibyara inyungu igera ku bantu 1000, wongere ibyuma u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga bizamure kurushaho urwego rw’inganda mu Rwanda.

Inganda zikora imyenda zatangiye gutezwa imbere nyuma y’icyemezo cyo guhagarika imyambaro ya caguwa mu Rwanda.

Dr. Ngirente yagaragaje ko hazakomeza gushyigikirwa ihangwa ry’inganda nshya no kongerera imbaraga izisanzweho kugira ngo zishobore kwambika Abanyarwanda bose.

Ati “Ntabwo dufite imyenda ihagije ikorerwa mu Rwanda tukaba dusabwa gushyiramo imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo inganda zikora imyenda zambike Abanyarwanda kandi ku giciro cyiza.”

Dr. Ngirente yavuze ko Guverinoma izazifasha kubona amasoko mu ngeri z’abantu banyuranye ku buryo bizafasha kuzigama agera kuri miliyari 20 Frw yajyaga asohoka ku myambaro itandukanye.

Ati “Bizagira uruhare mu guhanga imirimo myinshi cyane, muzi ko inganda z’imyenda zitanga akazi ku bantu benshi cyane kandi turabikeneye kuko muri NST2 dufitemo intego y’ihangwa ry’imirimo ibihumbi 250 ku mwaka.”

Inganda zikora amavuta yo guteka na zo zizahabwa imbaraga kuko “gutunganya amavuta bishobora kuduha inyungu cyane kandi mu gihe cya vuba.”

Ati “Umusaruro tuzavana mu guteza imbere izi nganda bizadufasha kuzigama agera kuri miliyoni 100$ yasohokaga buri mwaka.”

Dr. Ngirente kandi yavuze ko hazashyirwa ingufu mu guteza imbere inganda zitunganya imbaho nziza zishobora kugurishwa mu Rwanda no hanze y’igihugu, no gushyiraho icyanya gitunganya impu kizubakwa i Bugesera, kikazafasha kongera umubare w’amfaranga igihugu cyinjiza, kuko kizajya cyinjiza miliyoni 430$ buri mwaka.

Urwego rw’inganda zitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ni rwo rubarizwamo inganda nyinshi, kuko harimo inganda nini 85 n’into 908, mu gihe inganda zikora ibikoresho bitandukanye nini ari 91, inganda nto zikaba 398, inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi nini ni 38, mu gihe into ari 82.

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Mu 2024, Umwalimu SACCO yungutse miliyari 20,5 Frw ubariyemo n’umusoro, avuye kuri miliyari 16,9 Frw yungutse mu 2023, bingana n’izamuka rya 22%.

Inyungu y’iyi koperative ukuyemo umusoro yageze kuri miliyari 14,7 Frw mu 2024 ivuye kuri miliyari 11,8 Frw mu 2023 bingana n’izamuka rya 24%.

Inguzanyo iyi koperative yatanze mu 2024 zari miliyari 203 Frw zivuye kuri miliyari 168 Frw zatanzwe mu 2023, ingana n’izamuka rya 21%.

Ni imibare yatangajwe mu nteko rusange yahuje Abanyamuryango ba Umwalimu SACCO yabaye ku wa 28 Werurwe 2025.

Umuyobozi wa Umwalimu SACCO, Laurence Uwambaje, yavuze ko uwo musaruro ushimishije bagezeho muri uyu mwaka wagizwemo uruhare runini n’inguzanyo batanze mu 2024 ndetse ko abanyamuryango bishyura neza.

Ati “Izo miliyari zirenga 200 Frw twatanze mu 2024 mu byiciro bitandukanye ubona ko abazatse banazishyura neza, kuko n’amafaranga ari mu bukererwe ntabwo yigeze arenga 1%. Uko imishahara yabo inyuze iwacu duhita twiyishyura.”

Uwambaje yavuze ko bakomeje kurangamira imishinga itandukanye yo gukomeza kubafasha kongera inyungu no guteza imbere abanyamuryango bayo binyuze mu kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga, muri serivisi zabo.

Ni ibikorwa bizajyana no gushaka amafaranga ahagije ku buryo umunyamuryango abageraho ashaka inguzanyo akayibona cyane ko ubu batarenza iya miliyoni 100 Frw.

Uyu muyobozi yakomeje asaba abo mu nzego zitandukanye z’uburezi, gukomeza kubitsa muri iyi koperative na cyane ko babitangiye kuko nko mu 2023 hakusanyijwe miliyari 9 Frw zaturutse mu bigo by’amashuri, mu 2024 hakusanywa miliyari zirenga 8 Frw.

Mu nteko rusange ya Umwalimu SACCO kandi yatangije serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga zizafasha abanyamuryango kugerwaho na serivisi z’imari neza.

Harimo gutangiza gukoresha ikarita izwi nka ‘Smart Cash’ izafasha abanyamuryango kwishyura serivisi n’ibicuruzwa bitandukanye.

Harimo uburyo bwa ‘eKash’ ifasha ufite konti muri Umwalimu SACCO kwakira no kohereza amafaranga ku muntu uwo ari wese, yaba akoresha MTN Mobile Money, Airtel Money n’izindi banki zose ku giciro kiri hasi.

Mu zindi serivisi zatangijwe harimo serivisi yiswe ‘Business Credit Line’ ifasha umucuruzi guhabwa amafaranga ashaka mu gihe akeneye gukemura ibibazo nko gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu gihe yatanze ibintu ku ideni n’ibindi, hashyirwaho n’uburyo bwa Western Union bufasha abanyamuryango kuba bakwakira cyangwa kohereza amafaranga mu mahanga.

Ubu Umwalimu SACCO ifite abanyamuryango bagera ku bihumbi 160 barimo abagera ku 5000 Umwalimu SACCO yungutse mu 2024 bakora mu nzego zitandukanye z’uburezi.

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Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku mipaka irimo uwa Rusumo, Kagitumba, Gatuna, Cyanika, Rusizi I, Rusizi II, Bugarama, La Corniche, Poids Lourds no ku Kibuga Mpuzamahanga cy’Indege cya Kigali.

Abashakashatsi bareba ku nyemezabuguzi z’abanyamahanga mu gihe batashye, bakababaza impamvu yari yatumye basura u Rwanda, iminsi bahamaze, n’ibindi bijyanye n’ibyo bahashye hakabona kumenyekana ikigereranyo cy’amafaranga bakoreshaga ku munsi.

Ibi kandi bikorwa no kuri bamwe mu Banyarwanda binjira mu gihugu bavuye mu bihugu by’amahanga.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuva mu Ugushyingo 2024 kugeza muri Mutarama 2025 bugaragaza ko abakoreye ingendo mu Rwanda baguze ibintu na serivisi bibarirwa muri miliyoni 126,1$ mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2024.

Umubare munini w’abageze mu Rwanda muri icyo gihe bagenzwaga n’ibiruhuko. Bakoresheje miliyoni 56,2$, mu gihe Abanyarwanda bagiye mu mahanga mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2024 bakoresheje miliyoni 91$, muri yo arenga miliyoni 36,3$ akoreshwa mu byerekeye ubucuruzi.

Imibare igaragaza ko nk’abakoresheje inzira yo mu kirere bavuye muri Aziya bakagera mu Rwanda kubera ibiruhuko bakoreshaga 197$ ku munsi, abo muri Amerika ya Ruguru n’ibindi bihugu bya Aafurika bakoresheje impuzandengo ya 151$, abo mu Burayi n’ahandi hose ku Isi bakoresha 129$ ku munsi umwe na ho abo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba bo bakoresheje 82$ ku munsi.

Mu banyuze mu nzira yo ku butaka, abo muri Amerika ya Ruguru bagiriye ibiruhuko mu Rwanda bakoreshaga 146$, abo mu bindi bihugu by’Isi bagakoresha 138$, abaturuka muri Aziya bakoresheje 109$, Abanyaburayi bahahishaga 100$ ku munsi mu gihe abo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba bahahishaga 44$ na ho abo mu bindi bihugu bya Afurika bagakoresha 64$ ku munsi umwe.

Mu gihembwe cya kane, abageze mu Rwanda bakoresheje inzira yo mu kirere bihariye 81,1% by’amafaranga yakoreshejwe, mu gihe Abanyarwanda bagiye hanze y’igihugu bakoresheje indege bagize uruhare rwa 65,1% by’ayo bakoresheje.

Raporo yashyizwe hanze muri Werurwe 2025 igaragaza ko abasuye u Rwanda mu 2024 bose binjirije u Rwanda arenga miliyoni 579,5$ [ni ukuvuga arenga miliyari 820,5 Frw], mu gihe Abanyarwanda bagiye basuye ibihugu by’amahanga bakoresheje miliyoni 363,8$.

Abanyamahanga basuye u Rwanda mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2024 bakoresheje miliyoni 125,5$, mu gihembwe cya kabiri agera kuri miliyoni 136,8$, mu gihembwe cya gatatu ariyongera cyane agera kuri miliyini 191,1$ na ho mu gihembwe cya kane yageze kuri miliyoni 126,1$.

Ugendeye ku mpamvu zatumye basura u Rwanda mu 2024, abarenga 44,6% bagenzwaga n’ibiruhuko, abarenga 28,1% bari basuye inshuti n’abavandimwe, mu gihe abagenzwa n’ubucuruzi bari 14,1%.

Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi ushinzwe Imari ya Leta, Kabera Godfrey, aherutse gutangaza ko bitewe n’ishoramari rikomeye igihugu cyakoze mu rwego rw’ubukerarugendo no kwakira inama, hakiyongeraho umutekano usesuye igihugu gifite, byatumye igihugu gisurwa n’abantu benshi bityo bakwiye kubyara inyungu irenze isanzwe.

Ati “Dutangiye kubona abantu benshi basura u Rwanda ariko dusa nk’aho nta kintu cyihariye tubakuraho cyinjira mu isanduku ya Leta kidufasha kugira ngo twongere dukore ishoramari risabwa ngo dukomeze duteze imbere uru rwego.”
Kuri ubu Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda iri gusuzuma umushinga w’itegeko rishyiraho umusoro w’ubukerarugendo ku icumbi ungana na 3% by’igiciro cy’icumbi, uzajya wishyurwa na buri muntu waraye mu cyumba cya hoteli, moteli n’indi nzu yose ikoreshwa nk’icumbi ryishyurwa.

Kabera ati “Ntabwo ari ibintu dukora hano mu Rwanda gusa, muri Kenya barabikora ndetse bo barenga no ku giciro cy’icyumba hakaba ubwo bafata n’ibijyanye na restaurant.”

U Rwanda rufite intego yo gukuba kabiri amafaranga yinjizwa n’urwego rw’ubukerarugendo, akava kuri miliyoni 620$ rwinjije mu 2024 akagera kuri miliyari 1,1$ mu 2029.

src:igihe