Author: ISHIMWE Believer

Yabigarutseho mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyeshuri bo muri Kepler College, ubwo yakirwaga nk’Umuyobozi w’Icyubahiro w’iyo kaminuza ikorera mu Rwanda.

Yagaragaje ko abantu bakwiye guhora biteguye ko ibintu bihinduka umunsi ku wundi kandi mu buryo butunguranye.

Hage Geingob wabaye Perezida wa Namibia yitabye Imana mu 2024 akiri ku buyobozi bw’icyo gihugu muri manda ye ya kabiri ari nayo yari iya nyuma. Yitaba Imana yari afite imyaka 82.

Monica yahishuye ko umugabo we Hage Geingob, yitabye Imana mu gihe bari bari kwitegura kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru cyane ko yari manda ye ya nyuma ariko aza gupfa azize cancer.

Ati “Reka nkubwire, njye n’umugabo wanjye twari twiteguye cyane kuva mu mwanya wa Perezida tukajya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru. Ubwo twari turi kubitegura, twari dufite na gahunda. Yasuzumwe muri Mutarama (2024) basanga arwaye Cancer y’urwagashya. Mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bitatu gusa yari apfuye. Byari ku nshuro ya mbere dupfushije Perezida ukiri mu nshingano. Nta n’umwe muri twe wari witeze ko bishobora kubaho.”

Yongeyeho ati “Ntabwo twari tuzi ko dufite gusa ibyumweru bitatu. Umunsi umwe gusa apfuye ntabwo nari nkiri umugore wa Perezida, nahise ntangira kuba umupfakazi. Rero ibintu bihinduka vuba vuba birenze uko wabitekereza.”

Monica Geingos yemeza ko abantu bakwiye guharanira kuba inyangamugayo mu kubaka ahazaza heza habo kuko ibintu bikunze guhindagurika ariko ubunyangamugayo butajya buhagarara.

Ati “Kugira ubunyangamugayo igihe cyose kuko ibintu birahinduka. Uyu munsi uba uri Minisitiri w’Uburezi, ejo ukaba utakiri we. Umunsi umwe uba uri umugore wa Perezida, ukurikiyeho ukaba utakiri we.”

“Uyu munsi uba uri Minisitiri ufite ubunararibonye n’ibigwi bikomeye undi munsi ukaba waragiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru. Rero ibintu birahinduka, kandi Isi nayo irahinduka. Ntekereza ko ubumenyi ukeneye kugira muri iyi si ihindagurika, icy’ingenzi ari ukwigira.”

Yavuze ko kugira imitekerereze yo kwigira no kuba inyangamugayo bidashobora gukangwa n’impinduka ahubwo ko bituma umuntu yemera impinduka no kureba uburyo bwo kugendana n’izo mpinduka.

Yasabye kandi buri wese kugira uruhare mu kugena uko atwara ubuzima bwe muri iyi si y’ikoranabuhanga, hagamijwe kubaka ibizagaragaza ishusho y’ubuzima bwe.

Ati “Rero mukwiye kwitondera ibibavugwaho, bijya ku mbuga nkoranyambaga uyu munsi kuko bizagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ejo. Zimwe mu ntwaro z’ingenzi muri iki kinyejana cya 21 zidufasha gutsinda ni nazo zishobora kudushyira hasi rero kuri njyewe biradusaba kwigira no kudaheranwa.”

Yashimangiye ko abantu bakwiye guharanira kugira uruhare mu guteza imbere sosiyete aho gushyira imbere inyungu zabo gusa.

Yifashishije urugero rw’umuhungu we wigeze kumubwira ko azamwubakira inzu ariko agamije gusa kugira ngo na we ajye atanga amategeko nk’uko ababyeyi be babikora, agaragaza ko bikwiye kugira intego nzima no kuyiharanira.

Yagaragaje ko abanyeshuri benshi bakunze kugira intumbero yo kuba abakire kuruta uko bafasha mu guteza imbere sosiyete, aho bahitamo kujya gukora mu rwego rw’Abikorera aho gukorera Leta.

Yagaragaje kandi ko Leta iba ikwiye kugira abantu b’intiti bagira uruhare mu kugena no gutegura neza ahazaza h’igihugu aho kuba bose bakwirundira mu Rwego rw’Abikorera.

Monica Geingos yagaragaje ko kugira ubudaheranwa no kwigira ari ikintu gikomeye

Monica Geingos yagaragaje urubyiruko rw’abasore n’abagabo ko bakwiye kugira uruhare mu kwimakaza ihame ry’uburinganire no kubakira abagore ubushobozi.

Yavuze ko ihame ry’uburinganire ridakwiye gukorwa mu mibare gusa nko kumva ko mu nzego runaka harimo 50% by’abagore n’abagabo, ahubwo ko ari uburyo bwo guhindura imyumvire yo kumva ko abantu bose bahawe amahirwe angana bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora ikintu runaka kandi bagatanga umusaruro ukwiye.

Ati “Iyo mvuga uburinganire hagati y’umugabo n’umugore, iyo mvuga 50 kuri 50 , ntabwo mba mvuga ibijyanye n’imibare. Ngo narashatse ndateka uyu munsi, umugabo wanjye agomba guteka ejo, ntabwo ari bwo buringanire. Ibyo si byo 50 kuri 50. Uburinganire ni ukumva ko umuntu uri imbere yanjye ari ikiremwamuntu nk’uko nanjye ndi cyo. Akwiye amahirwe n’ubumuntu no kubahwa nk’uko nanjye mbikwiye.”

Yakomeje ati “Ntabwo bivuze ngo uratangira uyu munsi wige imirimo isanzwe ikorwa n’abagore, ahubwo icyo bivuze ni kurebana buri wese akabona ko mugenzi we ari ikiremwamuntu, afite ubushobozi bumwe n’ubwawe. Birakwiye kureba mugenzi wawe yaba umugore cyangwa umugabo nk’abangana kuko mwese muri abantu kandi sinzi ko hari abantu basumbana.”

Yagaragaje kandi ko abagabo bakwiye kugira uruhare mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa cyane ko imibare igenda yiyongera.

Yatanze inama enye ku rubyiruko zirimo gukorera ku ntego, kwirinda kubatwa n’ibiyobyabwenge, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no gukora ibyo ukwiye gukora kandi ku gihe cyabyo.

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Pierre Jacquemot wabaye ambasaderi w’u Bufaransa muri RDC yabwiye RFI ko abantu batuye mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo biganjemo Abatutsi bavanywe mu bice bitandukanye mu 1930, mu gihe u Budage n’u Bubiligi byakolonizaga u Rwanda.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe abinyujije kuri X yagaragaje ko mu 1930 u Budage butari bugikoroniza u Rwanda n’u Burundi, kuko nyuma yo gutsindwa intambara ya mbere y’Isi, mu 1920 ibihugu by’u Rwanda n’u Burundi byashyizwe mu biganza by’u Bubiligi.

Yasobanuye ko Abatutsi bo muri RDC atari abantu bavuye mu bice bitandukanye mu 1930 nk’uko abagoreka amateka babivuga.

Ati “Abatutsi [bo muri RDC] ntabwo ari abantu bakuwe mu bice bitandukanye ubwo abantu bajyanwaga muri Congo mu 1930. Uko kugoreka amateka ni byo bikomeza gukongeza urwango mu baturage n’imvugo zihembera urwango mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.”

Nduhungirehe yagaragaje ko Abatutsi bo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC ari ba kavukire ku butaka bw’abakurambere babo bwambuwe u Rwanda mu 1910, mu nama yahuje ibihugu by’u Bubiligi, u Budage n’u Bwongereza bigakata imipaka byakoronizaga.

Iyi nama yasize u Rwanda rwambuwe bimwe mu bice byo mu Burengerazuba no mu Majyaruguru byomekwa kuri Congo na Uganda.

Ati “N’ikimenyimenyi abo baturage bafite ururimi n’umuco nyarwanda, amazina y’uduce twinshi, imisozi n’imigezi byinshi biri mu Kinyarwanda ku buryo abanye-Congo b’i Kinshasa babivuga nabi.”

Yashimangiye ko kuba abakoloni b’Ababiligi barajyanye ku gahato bamwe mu Banyarwanda bagiye kubakoresha mu mirimo y’ubucukuzi hagati ya 1920 na 1950, bidakuraho ko hari abakomoka kuri ubu butaka bw’abakurambere babo.

Yakwije ikinyoma ku mabuye y’agaciro

Ikinyoma cya kabiri Pierre Jacquemot yatangaje gikubiye mu bice avuga ko byigaruriwe na M23 ngo igamije gufata ibirombe by’amabuye ya Coltan, akavuga ko Rubaya ari ho hava 20% by’aya mabuye agurishwa ku Isi.

Uyu mugabo yavuze ko ayo mabuye birangira anyujijwe mu Rwanda agatunganywa ku rwego rwa mbere ubundi akoherezwa muri Aziya no mu Burayi na Amerika y’Amajyaruguru yahawe ibirango bitandukanye.

Gusa Minisitiri Nduhungirehe na byo yabinyomoje yerekana ko umushakashatsi Bojana Coulibaly yigereye i Rubaya agasanga ibirombe byaho bitaratangira gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu bucukuzi, nta muhanda n’umwe ubihuza n’Umujwi wa Goma.

Ati “Ntibyumvikana uburyo ibyo birombe bikora mu buryo bwa gakondo byavamo 20% bya coltan icuruzwa ku Isi.”

Yahamije ko ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri Rubaya bukorwa n’abaturage b’ako gace bavuga Ikinyarwanda, ariko mu gihe kirekire byahoze biri mu maboko y’umutwe wa Wazalendo n’indi mitwe ifitanye isano na Leta ariko muri iyi minsi nta mutwe witwaje intwaro uhari.

U Rwanda rufite amabuye y’agaciro yarwo

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu bihe by’ubukoloni kugeza n’ubu bwagaragaje ko hari uduce 52 turimo amabuye y’agaciro y’ubwoko butandukanye, ndetse hamwe hatangiye gukorerwa ubucukuzi ahandi ntiburahagera.

Ikarita igaragaza agari amabuye y’agiro mu Rwanda yerekana ko uturere tw’u Rwanda twose dukungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro atandukanye uretse kamwe ka Gisagara gusa.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yavuze ko amabuye y’agaciro y’u Rwanda yavumbuwe n’abakoloni b’Abadage ariko ubucukuzi bugatangira mu myaka ya 1930 n’Ababiligi binyuze muri sosiyete z’ubucukuzi nka COREM, GEO Rwanda, MINETAIN na SOMUKI.

Ati “U Rwanda ruri mu gace kamwe na RDC gakize ku mabuye ya Coltan, Gasegereti na Wolfram (3Ts) […] U Rwanda kandi rwabaye u rwa kabiri mu kugurisha coltan ku Isi, ingana na 22,4% by’icurujwe yose mu 2024, inyuma ya RDC yohereje 40.2% na ho Brésil igakurikiraho na 14,7%.”

Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rumaze gutanga impushya 136 ku bigo 99 by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, impushya 18 z’ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi ku mabuye y’agaciro zahawe ibigo 17, impushya 76 ku bigo bicuruza ayo mabuye n’izindi eshatu ku biyongerera agaciro.

Aha harimo abacukura Gasegereti, Coltan, Wolfram, Zahabu, Amabengeza, n’ayandi.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yahamije ko ubucukuzi mu Rwanda bukurikiza amategeko y’imbere mu gihugu na mpuzamahanga arimo n’amabwiriza ajyanye no gusuzuma inkomoko yayo ku buryo aba yizehe ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Yahamije ko abantu nka Pierre Jacquemot bakoresha ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga mu gukwirakwiza ibinyoma “ku karere kacu, baca hejuru ukuri bagamije guhishira abungukira by’ukuri mu mabuye y’agaciro ya RDC.”

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Itangazo rikomeza rigira riti “Perezida Kagame yakiriye Intumwa yihariye y’Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Loni mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, Huang Xia, bagirana ibiganiro bishingiye ku gushyigikira gahunda y’ibiganiro bikomeje mu gushakira igisubizo ibibazo byo mu Karere hashingiwe ku mpamvu muzi, mu gushaka kugera ku mahoro arambye.”

Ikibazo cy’intambara ihanganishije M23 n’Ingabo za Leta ya RDC (FARDC) gikomeje gufata indi ntera.

Kugeza ubu uyu mutwe wigaruriye Umujyi wa Goma na Bukavu.

Mu gushaka umuti ku mutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, Abakuru b’ibihugu bya EAC na SADC bafashe umwanzuro wo guhuriza hamwe ibiganiro bya Luanda na Nairobi, ubwo bahuriraga mu nama idasanzwe yabereye i Dar es Salaam muri Tanzania tariki ya 8 Gashyantare, bikitwa “Luanda-Nairobi”.

Mu yindi nama bahuriyemo tariki ya 24 Werurwe, bashyizeho aba bahuza, basaba Dr. Ruto na Emmerson Mnangagwa uyobora SADC kubaganiriza vuba mbere y’uko batangira imirimo y’ubuhuza mu biganiro bya Luanda-Nairobi.

Abo ni Olusegun Obasanjo wayoboye Nigeria, Uhuru Kenyatta wayoboye Kenya, Sahle-Work Zewde wabaye Perezida wa Ethipia, na Catherine Samba Panza wayoboye Centrafrique kuva mu 2014 kugeza mu 2016 na Kgalema Motlanthe wayoboye Afurika y’Epfo kuva mu 2008 kugeza mu 2009.

Abo bakuru b’ibihugu basabye Dr. Ruto na Emmerson Mnangagwa uyobora SADC kubaganiriza vuba mbere y’uko batangira imirimo y’ubuhuza mu biganiro bya Luanda-Nairobi.

Abahagarariye ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’abo mu ihuriro AFC/M23 rigizwe n’umutwe wa politiki n’igisirikare, bashobora gutangira ibiganiro by’amahoro tariki ya 9 Mata 2025.

Umunyamuryango wa AFC/M23 yatangaje ko mu gihe ibi biganiro bizaba byatangiye, ihuriro ryabo rizageza ku bahagarariye Leta ya RDC ibyifuzo byaryo.

Abahagarariye AFC/M23 barimo umuyobozi wungirije wayo, Bertrand Bisimwa, na Colonel Nzenze Imani John ushinzwe ubutasi n’ibikorwa bya gisirikare, baherutse kujya muri Qatar.

Icyo gihe, Leta ya Qatar yaganirije abahagarariye AFC/M23, bayisobanurira impamvu yatumye bafata intwaro n’icyo bifuza kuri Leta ya RDC.

Icyo gihe kandi, intumwa z’u Rwanda n’iza RDC na zo zahuriye muri Qatar, ziganira ku makimbirane ari hagati y’impande zombi kuva mu 2022, ashingiye ahanini ku rugamba rwa AFC/M23.

Loni yakunze kugaragaza ko ishyigikiye gahunda y’ibiganiro bigamije mu gushakira igisubizo ibibazo byo mu Karere.

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Gnassingbé azaba umuhuza w’u Rwanda na RDC bidasubirwaho ubwo Inteko Rusange ya AU igizwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma, izaba imaze kumwemeza.

Lourenço yatangiye guhuza u Rwanda na RDC mu 2022 nyuma y’aho umwuka mubi ututumbye hagati y’ibihugu byombi bitewe n’impamvu z’umutekano. Ibiganiro yayoboye byahagaze mu Ukuboza 2024 bidatanze umusaruro wari witezwe.

Muri Werurwe 2025, Lourenço yatangaje ko yahagaritse inshingano yo guhuza u Rwanda na RDC kugira ngo yibande ku birebana n’ubuyobozi bwa AU, cyane cyane guharanira iterambere rusange rya Afurika.

U Rwanda na RDC byemeye ko Lourenço abihuza kubera ko ibi bihugu byombi byari bibanye neza na Angola. Kimwe mu bibazo by’ingenzi byibajijweho ni niba hazaboneka undi utagira uruhande abogamiyeho.

Gnassingbé ni amahitamo meza

Umubano wa Togo n’u Rwanda ndetse na RDC umaze imyaka myinshi uhagaze neza, ndetse birumvikana Gnassingbé ni inshuti ya Perezida Paul Kagame na Félix Tshisekedi.

Uhereye mu gihe cya vuba, ubona ko ubutegetsi bwa Gnassingbé bwakomeje kuba inshuti ya bugufi y’u Rwanda. Uyu Mukuru w’Igihugu ni umwe mu barenga 20 bitabiriye umuhango w’irahira rya Perezida Kagame muri Kanama 2024.

Muri Mutarama 2025, Gnassingbé yasuye u Rwamda, agirana na Perezida Kagame ikiganiro ku kongerera imbaraga ubufatanye bumaze igihe hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Icyo gihe, Perezida Kagame yabwiye Gnassingbé ati “Twishimiye kuba turi kumwe na we, ndizera ko byinshi ari ukugaragariza ko twishimiye kuba turi kumwe aha, ariko kandi no kongera gusaba ko imikoranire imaze igihe kirekire hagati y’ibihugu byacu byombi, yaguka kurushaho.”

Tariki ya 3 Mata, Gnassingbé yongeye gusura u Rwanda, aho yari yitabiriye inama mpuzamahanga y’ikoreshwa ry’ubwenge buhangano muri Afurika. Nyuma y’aho, yaganiriye na Perezida Kagame, bashima ubufatanye bw’ibihugu byombi.

Uru ruzinduko rwabaye mu gihe Lourenço yari yaramaze kumenyesha Gnassingbé ko yifuza ko yaba umuhuza w’u Rwanda na RDC, ndetse na we yari yaramwemereye ko mu gihe Inteko Rusange ya AU yamwemera, azakora iyi nshingano.

Gnassingbé yakiriye Perezida Tshisekedi muri Togo muri Nyakanga 2024, baganira ku mubano w’ibihugu byabo. Mu mwaka wabanje, na we yagiye i Kinshasa mu muhango wo gutangiza imikino y’umuryango w’ibihugu bikoresha Igifaransa, OIF.

Mbere y’uko Tshisekedi ajya ku butegetsi, umubyeyi we Etienne Tshisekedi yapfiriye mu Bubiligi mu 2017. Gnassingbé yatanze ubufasha mu kujyana umurambo we i Kinshasa muri Gicurasi 2019, ushyingurwa mu cyubahiro.

Umwe mu bakorera hafi y’ibiro bya Perezida wa Togo yatangarije ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique ko Gnassingbé yakoroherwa cyane no kuvugana n’abakuru b’ibihugu byombi, bagashakira hamwe igisubizo cy’aya makimbirane.

Yagize ati “Perezida Gnassingbé afite amahirwe yo gushobora kuvugisha abantu bose barebwa n’iki kibazo.”

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